""" Extreme Value Copulas
Created on Fri Jan 29 19:19:45 2021

Author: Josef Perktold
License: BSD-3

"""

import numpy as np
from .copulas import Copula


def copula_bv_ev(u, transform, args=()):
    '''generic bivariate extreme value copula
    '''
    u, v = u
    return np.exp(np.log(u * v) * (transform(np.log(u)/np.log(u*v), *args)))


class ExtremeValueCopula(Copula):
    """Extreme value copula constructed from Pickand's dependence function.

    Currently only bivariate copulas are available.

    Parameters
    ----------
    transform: instance of transformation class
        Pickand's dependence function with required methods including first
        and second derivatives
    args : tuple
        Optional copula parameters. Copula parameters can be either provided
        when creating the instance or as arguments when calling methods.
    k_dim : int
        Currently only bivariate extreme value copulas are supported.

    Notes
    -----
    currently the following dependence function and copulas are available

    - AsymLogistic
    - AsymNegLogistic
    - AsymMixed
    - HR

    TEV and AsymBiLogistic currently do not have required derivatives for pdf.

    See Also
    --------
    dep_func_ev

    """

    def __init__(self, transform, args=(), k_dim=2):
        super().__init__(k_dim=k_dim)
        self.transform = transform
        self.k_args = transform.k_args
        self.args = args
        if k_dim != 2:
            raise ValueError("Only bivariate EV copulas are available.")

    def _handle_args(self, args):
        # TODO: how to we handle non-tuple args? two we allow single values?
        # Model fit might give an args that can be empty
        if isinstance(args, np.ndarray):
            args = tuple(args)  # handles empty arrays, unpacks otherwise
        if args == () or args is None:
            args = self.args
        if not isinstance(args, tuple):
            args = (args,)

        return args

    def cdf(self, u, args=()):
        """Evaluate cdf of bivariate extreme value copula.

        Parameters
        ----------
        u : array_like
            Values of random bivariate random variable, each defined on [0, 1],
            for which cdf is computed.
            Can be two dimensional with multivariate components in columns and
            observation in rows.
        args : tuple
            Required parameters for the copula. The meaning and number of
            parameters in the tuple depends on the specific copula.

        Returns
        -------
        CDF values at evaluation points.
        """
        # currently only Bivariate
        u, v = np.asarray(u).T
        args = self._handle_args(args)
        cdfv = np.exp(np.log(u * v) *
                      self.transform(np.log(u)/np.log(u*v), *args))
        return cdfv

    def pdf(self, u, args=()):
        """Evaluate pdf of bivariate extreme value copula.

        Parameters
        ----------
        u : array_like
            Values of random bivariate random variable, each defined on [0, 1],
            for which cdf is computed.
            Can be two dimensional with multivariate components in columns and
            observation in rows.
        args : tuple
            Required parameters for the copula. The meaning and number of
            parameters in the tuple depends on the specific copula.

        Returns
        -------
        PDF values at evaluation points.
        """
        tr = self.transform
        u1, u2 = np.asarray(u).T
        args = self._handle_args(args)

        log_u12 = np.log(u1 * u2)
        t = np.log(u1) / log_u12
        cdf = self.cdf(u, args)
        dep = tr(t, *args)
        d1 = tr.deriv(t, *args)
        d2 = tr.deriv2(t, *args)
        pdf_ = cdf / (u1 * u2) * ((dep + (1 - t) * d1) * (dep - t * d1) -
                                  d2 * (1 - t) * t / log_u12)

        return pdf_

    def logpdf(self, u, args=()):
        """Evaluate log-pdf of bivariate extreme value copula.

        Parameters
        ----------
        u : array_like
            Values of random bivariate random variable, each defined on [0, 1],
            for which cdf is computed.
            Can be two dimensional with multivariate components in columns and
            observation in rows.
        args : tuple
            Required parameters for the copula. The meaning and number of
            parameters in the tuple depends on the specific copula.

        Returns
        -------
        Log-pdf values at evaluation points.
        """
        return np.log(self.pdf(u, args=args))

    def conditional_2g1(self, u, args=()):
        """conditional distribution

        not yet implemented

        C2|1(u2|u1) := ∂C(u1, u2) / ∂u1 = C(u1, u2) / u1 * (A(t) − t A'(t))

        where t = np.log(v)/np.log(u*v)
        """
        raise NotImplementedError

    def fit_corr_param(self, data):
        raise NotImplementedError